[ikiwiki.git] / doc / todo / Resolve_native_reStructuredText_links_to_ikiwiki_pages.mdwn

_NB! this page has been refactored, hopefully it is clearer now_  
_I propose putting discussion posts somewhere in the vincity of
the secttion Individual reStructuredText Issues_

## Design ##

**Goal**

To be able to use rst as a first-class markup language in ikiwiki. I think
most believe this is almost impossible (ikiwiki is built around markdown).

## Wikilinks ##

**WikiLinks**, first and foremost, are needed for a wiki. rST already allows
specifying absolue and relative URL links, and relative links can be used to
tie together wiki of rst documents.

1. Below are links to a small, working implementation for resolving
   undefined rST references using ikiwiki's mechanism. This is **Proposal 1**
   for rst WikiLinks.

2. Looking over at rST-using systems such as trac and MoinMoin; I think it
   would be wiser to implement wikilinks by the `:role:` mechanism, together
   with allowing a custom URL scheme to point to wiki links. This is
   **Proposal 2**.

        This is a simple wiki page, with :wiki:`WikiLinks` and other_ links
        
        .. _other: wiki:wikilink

        We can get rid of the role part as well for WikiLinks::
        
            .. default-role:: wiki
        
        Enables `WikiLinks` but does not impact references such as ``other``
        This can be made the default for ikiwiki.

Benefits of using a `:role:` and a `wiki: page/subpage` URL scheme are
following:

1. rST documents taken out of the context (the wiki) will not fail as bad as
   if they have lots of Proposal-1 links: They look just the same as valid
   references, and you have to edit them all.
   In contrast, should the `:wiki:` role disappear, one line is enough
   to redefined it and silence all the warnings for the document:

        .. role:: wiki (title)

### Implementation ###

Implementation of Proposal-2 wikilinks are in the branch
[rst-wikilinks][rst-wl]


        This is a simple wiki page, with :wiki:`WikiLinks` and |named| links
        
        .. |named| wiki:: Some Page

        We can get rid of the role part as well for WikiLinks::
        
            .. default-role:: wiki
        
        Enables `WikiLinks` but does not impact references such as ``named``
        This can be made the default for ikiwiki.

[rst-wl]: http://github.com/engla/ikiwiki/commits/rst-wikilinks

**rst-wikilinks** patch series includes changes at the end to use ikiwiki's
'htmllink' for the links (which is the only sane thing to do to work in all configurations).
This means a :wiki:`Link` should render just exactly like [[Link]] whether
the target exists or not.

On top of **rst-wikilinks** is [rst-customize][rst-custom] which adds two
power user features: Global (python) file to read in custom directives
(unsafe), and a wikifile as "header" file for all parsed .rst files (safe,
but disruptive since all .rst depend on it). Well, the customizations have
to be picked and chosen from this, but at least the global python file can
be very convenient.

Some rst-custom [examples are here](http://kaizer.se/wiki/rst_examples/)

[rst-custom]: http://github.com/engla/ikiwiki/commits/rst-customize

## Directives ##

Now **Directives**: As it is now, ikiwiki goes though (roughly):
filter, preprocess, htmlize, format as major stages of content
transformation. rST has major problems to work with any HTML that enters the
picture before it.

1. Formatting rST in `htmlize` (as is done now): Raw html can be escaped by
   raw blocks:

        .. raw:: html
        
                \[[!inline and do stuff]]

   (This can be simplified to alias the above as `.. ikiwiki::`)
   This escape method works, if ikwiki can be persuaded to maintain the
   indent when inserting html, so that it stays inside the raw block.

2. Formatting rST in `filter` (idea)
   1. rST does not have to see any HTML (raw not needed)
   2. rST directives can alias ikiwiki syntax:
     
        ..ikiwiki:: inline pages= ...

   3. Using rST directives as ikiwiki directives can be complicated;
      but rST directives allow a direct line (after :: on first line),
      an option list, and a content block.

> You've done a lot of work already, but ...
> 
> The filter approach seems much simpler than the other approaches
> for users to understand, since they can just use identical ikiwiki
> markup on rst pages as they would use anywhere else. This is very desirable
> if the wiki allows rst in addition to mdwn, since then users don't have
> to learn two completly different ways of doing wikilinks and directives.
> I also wonder if even those familiar with rst would find entirely natural
> the ways you've found to shoehorn in wikilinks, named wikilinks, and ikiwiki
> directives?
> 
> Htmlize in filter avoids these problems. It also leaves open the possibility
> that ikiwiki could become smarter about the rendering chain later, and learn
> to use a better order for rst (ie, htmlize first). If that later happened,
> the htmlize in filter hack could go away. --[[Joey]] 

> (BTW, the [[plugins/txt]] plugin already does html formatting
> in filter, for similar reasons.) --[[Joey]]

### Implementation ###

Preserving indents in the preprocessor are in branch [pproc-indent][ppi]

(These simple patches come with a warning: _Those are the first lines of
Perl I've ever written!_)

> This seems like a good idea, since it solves issues for eg, indented
> directives in mdwn as well. But, looking at the diff, I see a clear bug:
>
>       -                               return "[[!$command <span class=\"error\">".
>       +                               $result = "[[!$command <span class=\"error\">".
> 
> That makes it go on and parse an infinitely nested directive chain, instead
> of immediatly throwing an error.
> 
> Also, it seems that the "indent" matching in the regexps may be too broad,
> wouldn't it also match whitespace before a directive that was not at the beginning 
> of a line, and treat it as an indent? With some bad luck, that could cause mdwn
> to put the indented output in a pre block. --[[Joey]] 

[ppi]: http://github.com/engla/ikiwiki/commits/pproc-indent

## Discussion ##

I guess you (or someone) has been through this before and knows why it
simply won't work. But I hoped there was something original in the above;
and I know there are wiki installations where rST works. --ulrik

**Individual reStructuredText Issues**

* We resolve rST links without definition, we don't help resolving defined
  relative links, so we don't support specifying link name and target
  separately.
  
  * Resolved by |replacement| links with the wiki:: directive.

**A first implementation: Resolving unmatched links**

I have a working minimal implementation letting the rst renderer resolve
undefined native rST links to ikiwiki pages. I have posted it as one patch at:

Preview commit: http://github.com/engla/ikiwiki/commit/486fd79e520da1d462f00f40e7a90ab07e9c6fdf  
Repository: git://github.com/engla/ikiwiki.git  

Design issues of the patch:

The page is rST-parsed once in 'scan' and once in 'htmlize' (the first to generate backlinks). Can the parse output be safely reused?

> The page content fed to htmlize may be different than that fed to scan,
> as directives can change the content. If you cached the input and output
> at scan time, you could reuse the cached data at htmlize time for inputs
> that are the same -- but that could be a very big cache! --[[Joey]] 

>> I would propose using a simple heuristic: If you see \[[ anywhere on the
>> page, don't cache it. It would be an effective cache for pure-rst wikis
>> (without any ikiwiki directives or wikilinks).
>> However, I think that if the cache does not work for a big load, it should
>> not work at all; small loads are small so they don't matter. --ulrik