It depends on the Perl `Locale::Po4a::Po` library (`apt-get install po4a`).
+[[!toc]]
+
Introduction
============
A language is chosen as the "master" one, and any other supported
language is a "slave" one.
-A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page, and is
-written in any supported format but PO. It does not have to be named
-a special way: migration from/to this plugin does not imply heavy
+A page written in the "master" language is a "master" page. It can be
+of any page type supported by ikiwiki, except `po`. It does not have to be
+named a special way: migration to this plugin does not imply any page
renaming work.
Example: `bla/page.mdwn` is a "master" Markdown page written in
`bla/page/index.en.html`, else as `bla/page.en.html`.
Any translation of a "master" page into a "slave" language is called
-a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. PO is now
+a "slave" page; it is written in the gettext PO format. `po` is now
a page type supported by ikiwiki.
Example: `bla/page.fr.po` is the PO "message catalog" used to
Configuration
=============
-`po_master_language` is used to set the master language in
+Supported languages
+-------------------
+
+`po_master_language` is used to set the "master" language in
`ikiwiki.setup`, such as:
po_master_language => { 'code' => 'en', 'name' => 'English' }
`po_slave_languages` is used to set the list of supported "slave"
languages, such as:
- po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => { 'name' => 'Français', },
- 'es' => { 'name' => 'Castellano', },
- 'de' => { 'name' => 'Deutsch', }
+ po_slave_languages => { 'fr' => 'Français',
+ 'es' => 'Castellano',
+ 'de' => 'Deutsch',
}
+Decide which pages are translatable
+-----------------------------------
+
+The `po_translatable_pages` setting configures what pages are
+translatable. It is a [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]], so you have lots of
+control over what kind of pages are translatable.
+
+The `.po` files are not considered as being translatable, so you don't need to
+worry about excluding them explicitly from this [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]].
+
+Internal links
+--------------
+
+The `po_link_to` option in `ikiwiki.setup` is used to decide how
+internal links should be generated, depending on web server features
+and site-specific preferences.
+
+### Default linking behavior
+
+If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default
+linking behavior is preserved: `\[[destpage]]` links to the master
+language's page.
+
+### Link to current language
+
+If `po_link_to` is set to `current`, `\[[destpage]]` links to the
+`destpage`'s version written in the current page's language, if
+available, *i.e.*:
+
+- `foo/destpage/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
+- `foo/destpage.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
+
+### Link to negotiated language
+
+If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `\[[page]]` links to the
+negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`.
+
+(In)compatibility notes:
+
+- if `usedirs` is disabled, it does not make sense to set `po_link_to`
+ to `negotiated`; this option combination is neither implemented
+ nor allowed.
+- if the web server does not support Content Negotiation, setting
+ `po_link_to` to `negotiated` will produce a unusable website.
+
Server support
==============
Apache
------
-Using `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache serve the
-page in the client's preferred language, if available. This is the
-default Debian Apache configuration.
+Using Apache `mod_negotiation` makes it really easy to have Apache
+serve any page in the client's preferred language, if available.
+This is the default Debian Apache configuration.
When `usedirs` is enabled, one has to set `DirectoryIndex index` for
the wiki context.
Setting `DefaultLanguage LL` (replace `LL` with your default MIME
-language) for the wiki context can be needed, to ensure
+language code) for the wiki context can help to ensure
`bla/page/index.en.html` is served as `Content-Language: LL`.
-**FIXME**: is it still needed with the new `.en.html` naming convention?
lighttpd
--------
emulate this?
-TODO
-====
-
-Internal links
---------------
-
-One can use the `po_link_to_` option in `ikiwiki.setup` to choose how
-internal links should be generated, depending on web server features
-and site-specific preferences.
+Usage
+=====
-### Default linking behavior
+Templates
+---------
-If `po_link_to` is unset, or set to `default`, ikiwiki's default
-linking behavior is preserved: `[[page]]` links to the master
-language's page.
+The `ISTRANSLATION` and `ISTRANSLATABLE` variables can be used to
+display things only on translatable or translation pages.
-### Link to negotiated language
+### Display page's versions in other languages
-If `po_link_to` is set to `negotiated`, `[[page]]` links to the
-negotiated preferred language, *i.e.* `foo/page/`.
+The `OTHERLANGUAGES` loop provides ways to display other languages'
+versions of the same page, and the translations' status.
-(In)compatibility notes:
+One typically adds the following code to `templates/page.tmpl`:
-- `po_link_to => negotiated` provides no useful behavior if `usedirs`
- is disabled; this option combination is neither implemented nor
- allowed
-- `po_link_to => negotiated` provides no useful behavior if the web
- server does not support Content Negotiation
+ <TMPL_IF NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
+ <div id="otherlanguages">
+ <ul>
+ <TMPL_LOOP NAME="OTHERLANGUAGES">
+ <li>
+ <a href="<TMPL_VAR NAME="URL">"><TMPL_VAR NAME="LANGUAGE"></a>
+ <TMPL_UNLESS NAME="MASTER">
+ (<TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENT"> %)
+ </TMPL_UNLESS>
+ </li>
+ </TMPL_LOOP>
+ </ul>
+ </div>
+ </TMPL_IF>
-### Link to current language
+The following variables are available inside the loop (for every page in):
-If `po_link_to` is set to `current` and the destination page is either
-a translatable page or a translation, `[[page]]` links to the current
-page's language, *i.e.*:
+- `URL` - url to the page
+- `CODE` - two-letters language code
+- `LANGUAGE` - language name (as defined in `po_slave_languages`)
+- `MASTER` - is true (1) if, and only if the page is a "master" page
+- `PERCENT` - for "slave" pages, is set to the translation completeness, in percents
-- `foo/page/index.LL.html` if `usedirs` is enabled
-- `foo/page.LL.html` if `usedirs` is disabled
+### Display the current translation status
-Display available translations
-------------------------------
+The `PERCENTTRANSLATED` variable is set to the translation
+completeness, expressed in percent, on "slave" pages.
-The [[linguas|plugins/contrib/linguas]] plugin has some code that can
-be used as a basis to display the existing translations, and allow to
-navigate between them.
+One can use it this way:
-View translation status
------------------------
+ <TMPL_IF NAME="ISTRANSLATION">
+ <div id="percenttranslated">
+ <TMPL_VAR NAME="PERCENTTRANSLATED">
+ </div>
+ </TMPL_IF>
-One should be able to view some information about the translation
-completeness, either for a given page or for the whole wiki.
+Additional PageSpec tests
+-------------------------
-This should not be too hard using gettext tools. If this is
-implemented as a
-[[HTML::Template|http://search.cpan.org/search?mode=dist&query=HTML%3A%3ATemplate]]
-loop, a page using it should depend on any "master" and "slave" pages
-whose status is being displayed.
+This plugin enhances the regular [[ikiwiki/PageSpec]] syntax with some
+additional tests that are documented [[here|ikiwiki/pagespec/po]].
-Decide which pages are translatable
------------------------------------
+Automatic PO file update
+------------------------
-The subset of "master" pages subject to translation must be
-configurable:
+Committing changes to a "master" page:
-- a `[[!translatable ]]` directive, when put on a page, makes it
- translatable
-- to set at once a bunch of pages as being translatable, use this
- [[ikiwiki/directive]] with the `match=PageSpec` argument.
+1. updates the POT file and the PO files for the "slave" languages;
+ the updated PO files are then put under version control;
+2. triggers a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages.
-Automatic PO files update
--------------------------
+Also, when the plugin has just been enabled, or when a page has just
+been declared as being translatable, the needed POT and PO files are
+created, and the PO files are checked into version control.
-Committing changes to a "master" page must:
+Discussion pages
+----------------
-1. update the POT file and the PO files for the supported languages,
- before putting them under version control
-2. trigger a refresh of the corresponding HTML slave pages
+Discussion should happen in the language in which the pages are
+written for real, *i.e.* the "master" one. If discussion pages are
+enabled, "slave" pages therefore link to the "master" page's
+discussion page.
-The former is to be done at a time when:
+Translating
+-----------
-- we know which "master" page was modified, and thus, which POT/PO
- files have to be updated: the `needsbuild` hook is the first one to
- run that provides us with the necessary information
-- we can modify the list of pages needing a refresh; this is
- `needsbuild` hook's job
+One can edit the PO files using ikiwiki's CGI (a message-by-message
+interface could also be implemented at some point).
-The latter can be implemented by making any "slave" page depend on the
-corresponding "master" page. The `add_depends` function can achieve
-this, if used in a **FIXME** hook.
+If [[tips/untrusted_git_push]] is setup, one can edit the PO files in one's
+preferred `$EDITOR`, without needing to be online.
-UI consistency: rename "Edit" button on slave pages
----------------------------------------------------
+TODO
+====
-It may be surprising to some, after having pressed *Edit* on a wiki
-page, to end up editing a strange looking PO file. The *Edit* button
-displayed on "slave" pages must therefore be renamed *Improve
-translation* .
+Security checks
+---------------
+
+### Security history
+
+The only past security issues I could find in GNU gettext and po4a
+are:
+
+- [CVE-2004-0966](http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2004-0966),
+ *i.e.* [Debian bug #278283](http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=278283):
+ the autopoint and gettextize scripts in the GNU gettext package
+ 1.14 and later versions, as used in Trustix Secure Linux 1.5
+ through 2.1 and other operating systems, allows local users to
+ overwrite files via a symlink attack on temporary files.
+- [CVE-2007-4462](http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2007-4462):
+ `lib/Locale/Po4a/Po.pm` in po4a before 0.32 allows local users to
+ overwrite arbitrary files via a symlink attack on the
+ gettextization.failed.po temporary file.
+
+**FIXME**: check whether this plugin would have been a possible attack
+vector to exploit these vulnerabilities.
+
+Depending on my mood, the lack of found security issues can either
+indicate that there are none, or reveal that no-one ever bothered to
+find (and publish) them.
+
+### PO file features
+
+Can any sort of directives be put in po files that will cause mischief
+(ie, include other files, run commands, crash gettext, whatever)?
+
+> No [documented](http://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/manual/gettext.html#PO-Files)
+> directive is supposed to do so.
+
+### Running po4a on untrusted content
+
+Are there any security issues on running po4a on untrusted content?
+
+> To say the least, this issue is not well covered, at least publicly:
+>
+> - the documentation does not talk about it;
+> - grep'ing the source code for `security` or `trust` gives no answer.
+>
+> I'll ask their opinion to the po4a maintainers.
+>
+> I'm not in a position to audit the code, but I had a look anyway:
+>
+> - no use of `system()`, `exec()` or backticks in `Locale::Po4a`; are
+> there any other way to run external programs in Perl?
+> - a symlink attack vulnerability was already discovered, so I "hope"
+> the code has been checked to find some more already
+> - the po4a parts we are using themselves use the following Perl
+> modules: `DynaLoader`, `Encode`, `Encode::Guess`,
+> `Text::WrapI18N`, `Locale::gettext` (`bindtextdomain`,
+> `textdomain`, `gettext`, `dgettext`)
+>
+> --[[intrigeri]]
+
+### Fuzzing input
+
+I was not able to find any public information about gettext or po4a
+having been tested with a fuzzing program, such as `zzuf` or `fusil`.
+Moreover, some gettext parsers seem to be quite
+[easy to crash](http://fusil.hachoir.org/trac/browser/trunk/fuzzers/fusil-gettext),
+so it might be useful to bang gettext/po4a's heads against such
+a program in order to easily detect some of the most obvious DoS.
+[[--intrigeri]]
+
+gettext/po4a rough corners
+--------------------------
+
+- fix infinite loop when synchronizing two ikiwiki (when checkouts
+ live in different directories): say bla.fr.po has been updated in
+ repo2; pulling repo2 from repo1 seems to trigger a PO update, that
+ changes bla.fr.po in repo1; then pushing repo1 to repo2 triggers
+ a PO update, that changes bla.fr.po in repo2; etc.; quickly fixed in
+ `629968fc89bced6727981c0a1138072631751fee`, by disabling references
+ in Pot files. Using `Locale::Po4a::write_if_needed` might be
+ a cleaner solution.
+- new translations created in the web interface must get proper
+ charset/encoding gettext metadata, else the next automatic PO update
+ removes any non-ascii chars; possible solution: put such metadata
+ into the Pot file, and let it propagate; should be fixed in
+ `773de05a7a1ee68d2bed173367cf5e716884945a`, time will tell.
+
+Misc. improvements
+------------------
-Pages selection depending on language
--------------------------------------
+### page titles
-To improve user navigation in a multi-lingual wiki, site developers
-must be enabled to write:
+Use nice page titles from meta plugin in links, as inline already
+does. This is actually a duplicate for
+[[bugs/pagetitle_function_does_not_respect_meta_titles]], which might
+be fixed by something like [[todo/using_meta_titles_for_parentlinks]].
- \[[!map pages="dev/* and lang(LL)" feeds="no"]]
+### source files format
- \[[!map pages="dev/* and currentlang()" feeds="no"]]
+Markdown is supported, great, but what about others? The set of file
+formats supported both in ikiwiki and po4a probably is greater than
+`{markdown}`.
Translation quality assurance
-----------------------------
-Modifying a PO file via the CGI must only be allowed if the new
-version is a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more
+Modifying a PO file via the CGI must be forbidden if the new version
+is not a valid PO file. As a bonus, check that it provides a more
complete translation than the existing one.
A new `cansave` type of hook would be needed to implement this.
Note: committing to the underlying repository is a way to bypass
this check.
-
-Translating online
-------------------
-
-As PO is a wiki page type, we already have an online PO editor, that
-is ikiwiki's CGI.
-
-A message-by-message interface could also be implemented at some
-point; a nice way to do offline translation work (without VCS access)
-still has to be offered, though.
-
-Translating offline without VCS access
---------------------------------------
-
-The following workflow should be made possible for translators without
-VCS access who need to edit the PO files in another editor than a web
-browser:
-
-- download the page's PO file
-- use any PO editor to update the translation
-- upload the updated PO file
-
-Implementation note: a generic mechanism to upload a page's source is
-needed: it's only an alternative way to allow saving a the modified
-page's source with the CGI.
-
-### Short-term workflow
-
-A possible workaround is:
-
-- pretend to edit the PO file online
-- copy the PO file content from the textarea
-- cancel the edit
-- paste the content into a local file.
-- edit the local file in any PO editor
-- pretend to edit the PO file online
-- paste the modified local file's content into the edit textarea
-- save
sipb-www / ikiwiki.git / blobdiff